Dilemma over memorialising slaughtered innocents

Posted by Richard Rawlinson 

I wonder how Pope Francis felt about his duty last Sunday. His predecessor, Pope Benedict, announced the canonisation of 800 unknown people just before dropping the bombshell of his resignation. By carrying out Benedict’s decree in St Peter’s Square last weekend, Francis instantly broke the record for the pontiff who has created the most saints. 

But is there conflict between this and Francis’s goal of greater ecumenical dialogue between faiths? The 800 new saints happen to be the townsfolk of Otranto in southern Italy who were beheaded by Ottoman soldiers in 1480, each martyred for refusing to surrender to a siege and convert to Islam.  

Their skulls currently adorn the walls around the altar of Otranto Cathedral as a memorial to their sacrifice. Benedict was in turn continuing the line of the late John Paul II who visited Otranto in 1980 for the 500th anniversary of the martyrs’ deaths. Miracles must be recognised by the Vatican in order for people to become saints, and a Poor Clare Sister, Francesca Levote, was apparently healed from a serious form of cancer after a pilgrimage to pray before the martyrs’ relics in 1980, a few months before John Paul’s visit. She died in 2012, aged 85. 

But the subject is undoubtedly sensitive. On the one hand, remembering Christian martyrs, including anonymous folk, inspires the faithful to examine their own life and how it corresponds with the Gospel call to love and forgive. The move also redresses the revisionism of liberal historians who paint the Crusaders always as aggressors rather than defenders, and whitewashes the violence of Islamists. 

However, it must be noted that it was the barbaric practice of Medieval armies of diverse nationalities and faiths to kill those captured after a siege. Is the mass canonisation stoking up old flames, or is it a poignant reminder of the awful reality of war, and the principled steadfastness and bravery of innocents caught up in it?  

We’re called to forgive but not to forget just as we seek forgiveness for our own sins without expecting them to be airbrushed to oblivion.  

This memorial happens also to be highly relevant today when Christians are increasingly persecuted brutally in part of the Middle East and Asia.

Chowing down with the antecedents

Debate about attitudes to death, funerals and the commemoration of the dead has largely been colonised by a section of the liberally-educated chattering sector of the middle class. They’re the ones most likely to opinionate about this stuff; they’re the ones who like to think think they can get their heads around it. They are intellectual adventurers with a degree of emotional courage and, even when a touch arrogant in their conclusions, are mostly well-meaning.

The opinionators have been moderately effective opinion-formers.  Undertakers don’t like em much and would point out that, for all their reforming zeal, the overwhelming majority of funeral shoppers still opt for a black funeral and twenty minutes at the crem.

This is not to say that funerals haven’t changed a great deal in the last twenty years. What goes on after the coffin has been deposited on the catafalque has altered greatly. The early opinionators probably did not envisage the aesthetic which has evolved, neither the exuberance of the words, music and conduct of mourners, nor what the Daily Mail has termed the Poundland look in our cemeteries, especially the children’s sections. But I think most of us applaud a tendency to outpour. There’s a healthy decorum shift under way, expressed in a range of behaviours. No one should presume to legislate in matters of taste.

The coining of the pejorative term ‘death denial’ may well have been a mistake — an expression of benign condescension. All sorts of people don’t like thinking about death. My liberally educated and very nice dentist has just told me he hates passing the undertaker as he drives to work. He became a dentist, not a doctor, because he didn’t want people dying on him. And even though this is his disposition, it doesn’t mean he doesn’t know perfectly well, like all so-called death-deniers, that he will die one day. It is said that an awareness of mortality sharpens our appreciation of life. It can just as convincingly argued that shutting it out does, too. Nothing we think can alter what will be the experience of our dying, which is likely to be disagreeable.

Which is not to say that the availability of good exemplar funeral ceremonies is anything but a good thing, especially for those who prefer only to think about death when they have to. As established religions show, an off-the-peg course of action is best suited to people in grief. The work of thoughtful and humane undertakers and celebrants offers a great deal of solace to those wrestling to get their heads around what has happened. They have made an enormous difference.

The attractions of the death debate to academics, especially sociologists, are obvious enough. And so it is that the irredeemably chattery, middle-class GFG has been invited to sit on a panel at the University of Cardiff”s Before I Die festival on Sunday 20 May. It comprises stuff like Stages of Death: Men, Women, and Suffering in Opera and Ballet and Re-thinking the Organisation of Death and A Matter of Life or Death: Representing Coma. I can’t understand the titles, so I’d never get my pea-brain around the content. It is likely that audience will be made up of… the usual suspects. Is it worth going all that way for? My jury is in the out position.

An esoteric, abstract quality is a characteristic of academic discourse. On the 29-30 June the University of Bath is holding its annual conference, entitled New Economies of Death: The Commodification of Dying, the Dead Body, and Bereavement.  It tempts us with stuff like Exemplars of good death: biopolitics and governmentality between commodification and social movement. I notice that Barbara Chalmers of Final Fling is slated to speak. She has a gift for refreshingly earthy utterance. Give em both barrels, B. Then re-load.

To be fair, the titles of talks at these academic gatherings are becoming plainer in their language. I have just had a look at the titles of the talks at the next Death, Dying and Disposal conference and there’s nothing there – yet – that I can use to illustrate my point. And I have to admit that I’ve had a lot of fun at these conferences and met all sorts of nice people. If I a have a beef with academics it is that they don’t make their research papers available, free, to the people who pay their wages.

All this talk of death is spawning death-themed shows and exhibitions. They mostly target middle-class chatterers. The Wellcome show earlier this year was a prime example. It featured a ‘spectacularly diverse’ range of stuff including ‘anatomical drawings, war art and antique metamorphic postcards; human remains; Renaissance vanitas paintings; twentieth century installations celebrating Mexico’s Day of the Dead; a group of ancient Incan skulls; and a spectacular chandelier made of 3000 plaster-cast bones.’ What are we to make of Richard Harris, the man who stockpiled all this melancholy clobber? A lot of people would say that someone who fetishises mortabilia is a bit of a saddist, and who is to say they are wrong? I went, and couldn’t understand what on Earth the hordes drifting round the show were actually making of it. If I detected a mood of self-admiration and camouflaged bafflement amidst all the peering I’d probably be describing my own dimness and insecurity.

Still, it was a relief to get back to Carla Conte’s Graveland exhibition next door, full of stuff that ordinary, plebby people do when someone dies. That was a great show. It was useful, that’s why. Unsnobbish. There wasn’t a Heaven’s Gate floral tribute, but there could have been. I wish there had.

There may be much to be said for studying other cultures for the sake of it. At the same time, let’s not get carried away by cultural voyeurism. What we learn can be useful to us. There are very few practices in other cultures that can be adopted as they are, but there are some that can be usefully adapted. Let’s not to underrate Britain’s continuing cultural deficit in this matter. We’re not at ground zero as we pretty much were twenty years ago, but further enrichment is definitely desirable.

Every year there’s a great outpouring of homage to the Mexican Dia de los Muertos. “Oh, we should do this, too,” people cry. I’m not so sure. 1) it expresses a belief system that cannot possibly transplant, 2) it happens months after marigolds have finished flowering and 3) November is not a notably doing-stuff-outside-friendly month.  To turn it into a jolly romp complete with face-painting is to send it the way of Hallowe’en.

The Dia de los Muertos does resonate, though. A great many Britons commune with their dead in all sorts of solitary ways. We don’t call them ancestors  — but we could come to think of them that way.

Probably the most concerted time of the year for remembrancing is Christmas, when people leave wreaths on graves, much to the anxiety of the cemetery managers.

Oddly (or not), no envious attention is ever paid to Qingming. It’s a Chinese festival with broadly the same purpose — to commemorate the ancestors in a coming-together way by sweeping their graves and bringing them gifts, food mostly. It’s a sad-and-happy day. There’s a lot of kite-flying, too.

It happens at roughly the same time as the Japanese Cherry Blossom Festival, which is not dedicated to a remembrance of the dead at all. It is devoted to picnicking under the cherry trees and admiring the beauty of the blossom. Spring is a great time of the year to get out and glory in being alive.

If we Brits were to cherry-pick all three festivals and add a dash of our own ingenuity we could probably develop a very useful Day of the Dead of our own. Springtime. Blossom. Picnics. Holiday. Festivity. Community. Kite-flying. A natter with the ancestors. Would that not make a good stock for an emotionally and spirtually nourishing celebration this weekend?

Or is it, like so many chattering class notions, just a bit  la-la?

When Robert was murdered

Posted by Richard Rawlinson

There must be something in the air as I’m being uncharacteristically nostalgic about people I’ve known who have died.

An early encounter was at prep school, aged 10. My heart sank when my best friend didn’t turn up at the beginning of term, and it wasn’t until assembly the next day that I learned he’d been killed during the holidays in an accident on his father’s farm: he’d been allowed to drive a tractor across a field, but it wasn’t weighted properly and had overturned, crushing him.

I was stunned but, too young to process the guilt and devastation of his parents or even my own loss, I moved on to find a new best friend. I do, however, recall resenting the headmaster for not giving me special treatment, and informing me privately before he told the entire school.    

As an adolescent, I also recall my father talking about how his sister died, before I was born, in a BOAC plane crash while en route to India. He was driving with my mother when he saw a woman standing on a humpback bridge over a river, smiling and waving. My mother vouches he exclaimed, ‘Good Lord, there’s Patricia! Thought she was in Calcutta.’ But when my mother looked, she had vanished. It was only when they got home that they received a call that Patricia had died at that exact moment. Spooky.

I attended my first funeral aged 19, and it was for a talented and beautiful friend who died in a car crash during her gap year. I felt anger at the waste of a promising life. Since then, I’ve known relatives who have died of old age and cancer, and friends and acquaintances who have died as soldiers and war correspondents, of AIDs-related illnesses, drugs overdoses and suicide. Having recently written about Issie Blow and Jennifer Paterson, my thoughts now turn to the only person I’ve known who has died as a victim of murder.

I met Robert Tewdwr Moss in my 20s as a fellow diarist at London’s Evening Standard. If we weren’t assigned to cover early-evening book launches and private views, we’d sometimes go to a bar after work. Although in the picture (above) he’s wearing a D&G vest, he was a dandy at work: a louche, floppy-haired aesthete, resplendent in velvet waistcoat, watch chain, wing collar and Byron-esque cravat.

His sartorial contrasts are relevant. Over drinks, he’d confide in me about his ‘double life’, a roué on the fringes of the literati, and a ‘cottage cruiser’ with a taste for ‘rough trade’—his penchant being Big Bad Black Boys. Or Asians. Or Arabs. In fact, anyone but effete, middle class white men.

I learned of Robert’s murder on my return from a villa holiday in Tuscany in August, 1996. Being abroad, I’d missed the write-ups in the papers about a robbery gone wrong. He’d been left bound and gagged while his Paddington flat was ransacked, and he died later of suffocation. The culprits were at large with no apparent leads for the police to go on.

I quickly came up with a theory about how burglars had got into his flat with no signs of a break-in. I fretted about getting involved with a criminal investigation but then called the police, eventually being put through to the detective in charge. I explained I was a colleague of Robert and that I was unsure if it was common knowledge that he was a gay man who picked up a certain type of stranger—that muggers hanging around pubic conveniences and parks, posing as rent boys, just might be the culprits. The policeman thanked me for my tip (elementary, my dear officer), and I heard later that a youth called Azul and his accomplice were arrested and charged, Robert’s laptop being found in their lair.

In the obituaries, no one mentioned this taboo side of a flamboyant presence in London’s salons. A floral extract from The Independent:

‘It is an undeservedly ugly end to an elegant life, and no one who knew Robert Tewdwr Moss will entertain any memory other than that of a handsome, willowy young man with a quizzical, innocent look on his face as he told you something so louche, surreal, and hilarious that you had to laugh out loud. He was kind, generous and witty, and London will be duller for the lack of him’.

I had reservations about telling another side of Robert’s story here. A deciding factor was that he was far from in the closet so there’s no outing involved. At the time of his death, he had just finished a book, Cleopatra’s Wedding Present, about his travels in Syria, and incredibly risky antics therein. With the country today a war zone with atrocities being committed by rebel fighters and the troops of President Assad, Robert enlightens us by showing hidden undercurrents in the ancient capital of Damascus.

The expansive Independent again:

‘Tewdwr Moss’s engrossing account often lingers at the maws of hell – in scrapes and sexual assignations enough to rival Joe Orton’s – but all the while it is perfumed with his prose, as heavily scented as the man himself. “Perfume is the one luxury I allow myself when travelling into the unknown,” he opines.

‘Yet the feyness never grates; he is too funny, acutely observant and emphatic. He drifts through souks, falling in love with Jihad, a Palestinian ex-commando. He meets a Shiite Muslim girl who, in a mosque, shows him her silver cross, an act ‘which could result in the girl getting stoned, and me with her… I realised that however much I loved the Arab world, my liking was indissolubly linked with my gender’.

Who knows what Robert would be up to if he was alive now. They say only the good die young, but the charismatically flawed have a habit of having their life cut short, too.

FootnoteAt the beginning, I said something must be ‘in the air’ that’s making me reminisce. That’s too nebulous. Had I not previously known GFG’s founder Charles Cowling, I doubt I’d have become a visitor here let alone a contributor. I usually write for money about subjects from the arts and history to politics and religion. I wasn’t aware death was so engrossing until I dropped by to check out what my ol’ chum was up to these days. I found myself intrigued. I’d given thought to death as a universal truth, and I’ve had brushes with bereavement, but I hadn’t given enough thought to the civil celebrants, undertakers, embalmers, grave-diggers, crem furnace operators, priests, doctors, palliative carers and euthanasia administrators who deal regularly with death. It’s an ongoing education. I’ve now even made a will and laid down preferences for my own funeral! Life is short: do we ‘gather ye rosebuds while ye may’ or ‘repent, repent, repent’? A rhetorical question.

MAB matters

The good people at the Memorial Awareness Board (MAB) have written to tell us all about their latest, very successful excursion. Here is their account: 

The Memorial Awareness Board (MAB) campaigns for memorials in stone and is the voice for all UK Memorial Masons. Exhibiting for the first time this year at the Who Do You Think Are? Live event at Olympia, London (22nd – 24th Feb) the stand showcased using stone memorials as a very important part of tracing one’s roots. 

The 3-day event was a great success with nearly 14,000 visitors attending. Many topics were covered such as stone memorials for genealogy, the different types of memorials, memorial options after cremation and advice on the different inscriptions on headstones. Up to 2000 visitors came to the MAB stand to talk to industry specialists and read through relevant literature. 

A very popular attraction to the stand was a working stonemason who gave lessons in stone carving. There was the opportunity to have a go at stone rubbings and be in with the chance of winning a stone plaque! 

The BIG Question proved very popular, we asked; “Would you prefer to be buried or cremated”? The results were most interesting with 39% saying buried and 61% saying cremated. These percentages contradict conventional wisdom on cremation versus burial rates in the UK and could suggest a swing back to burial. 

Mike Dewar, MAB Campaign Director commented, “The crucial part played by memorialisation in genealogy was established at the show. The stand was permanently crowded with visitors showing interest and enthusiasm about memorials and memorialisation”. 

To find out further information including the photo competition with a £1000 prize we are running this summer, please visit the website: www.rememberforever.org.uk 

You can also view all the photos from the event plus listen to an industry blogger interviewing a Board member as well as keep up-to-date with all issues on stone memorialisation.  

Follow us on Facebook: facebook.com/memorialawarenessboard

And Twitter: twitter.com/memorial_issues 

ED’S NOTE: Does that photo competition competition appeal to you? You could win it. 

Oscar’s

“Oscar Wilde’s grave vies with that of Jim Morrison as the biggest tourist attraction in this graveyard of the great and good (Balzac, Chopin, Delacroix, Ingres, Molière, Piaf, and the lovers Abélard and Héloïse among others). It is regularly covered in red lipstick kisses and is both a lovers’ rendezvous and a rallying point against homophobia. The memorial – a naked birdman made by the sculptor, Jacob Epstein – has proved controversial. Unveiled in 1914, it had to be covered up because of complaints about the figure’s exposed genitals. A fig leaf was added but in the 1920s a group of anti-censorship protestors tried to chisel it off and ended up inadvertently carrying out a castration. The detached lump of stone was said to have ended up as a paperweight on the cemetery superintendent’s desk.”

How to Read a Graveyard: Journeys in the Company of the Dead by Peter Stanford — author of Heaven: A Traveller’s Guide — is published by Bloomsbury on 28 March at £16.99

Find Peter Stanford’s ten best here

Afore ye go

We think you’ll agree with us that RecordMeNow.org is a Very Good Thing.

It’s downloadable software that enables you, using the little camera in your computer screen, to record your thoughts about your life, and other things besides, for your children, partner, family, you name it.

The creators especially had children in mind, because children can go through life with all sorts of unresolved questions about a dead parent — the sorts of questions which never go away and prevent them from living fully. One child said:

“Particularly after long illness followed by such family sadness, I had significant feelings of guilt about feeling happy in later life. Permission from him directly would have been really good.”

Another said:

“I felt that without my mum’s advice, we were somehow betraying her by accepting future relationships especially when dad found a future wife years later.”

Another said:

“I just want to see and hear her say she loves me, once more.”

So the RecordMeNow researchers interviewed more than 100 volunteers who had lost one or both parents before the age of 16:

They were asked a series of questions regarding their loss, their prior knowledge and their subsequent educational, social  and professional development. They were also asked what questions they wished they could have had answered about or by the parent who died. 

Using the RecordMeNow app, you work your way through these questions and create a DVD. 

RecordMeNow is a nonprofit founded by some incredibly nice, bright people. Do check it out. 

Shrine on you crazy diamond

It’s amazing, really, just how terrifically buttoned-up Brits are when it comes to commemorating their dead. Other cultures offer us examples of observances, duties, rituals and practices which can teach us a thing or two. We really ought to take them up on it. 

One of these is the household shrine. We’ve touched on this before here and here

Up in Scotland, ‘Honest’ Rob Lawrence makes a household shrine (illustrated above). It comes in different sizes, for indoors ones or for outdoors. 

Like it? 

There’s something else Rob does which you’ll like. Let him explain:

“When I make a coffin, I save and label some off-cuts of the timber used. We then offer the family (only if they want it) a shard of the actual timber used in the coffin as a book mark. It becomes a tangible connection that one can hold and play with. One such book mark was given to a wee lad of 7 years ish by his dad because the wee lad so missed his Grandpa. We understand this helped a little.”

A Giving Tribute For Lasting Memories

ED’S NOTE – Right back when A Giving Tribute was nobbut a concept, we loved the idea. Since those early days its creator, Liz Mowatt, has developed, trimmed and simplified her offer. She has persevered with the sort of grit and tenacity you’ve got to take your hat off to. We asked her for an update. Here it is. 

We offer something completely unique in the funeral industry – Tribute Cards that can be displayed at the funeral in a similar way to funeral flowers and kept afterwards in a memory book.  

Following our soft launch last year we asked for feedback from funeral directors who had used our service and those that hadn’t yet.  The consensus of opinion was that it was a lovely idea but that the website was proving to be a barrier.  At the same time we ran a focus group  to get the views of the general public.  Having listened to the feedback, we implemented some major changes to our website including the removal of the obituary and streamlining the process of adding a funeral.  Because we appreciate that funeral directors are so busy, adding a funeral now takes just a few minutes with only basic information required (we’ll even do it for you if necessary); in fact it’s now so easy, the bereaved family may do it themselves if they wish!  To offer our service, you need only add your company name and address on www.agivingtribute.com and we will send you a supply of free leaflets or call us on  01252 416516.

Our website now quite clearly shows what we are all about – capturing memories forever.  More and more bereaved families and their friends, want to celebrate the life of the deceased and our service does exactly that.  When a funeral is added to our system, it will show the funeral director’s details, the funeral locations and the name and URL of any nominated charity so that mourners may donate directly, removing some of the responsibility of handling donations.

What’s truly wonderful is the difference that having personal tributes makes to the family, who cherish them forever.  The tributes are tangible, families can sit a child on their knee and share the memories.  Families are telling their funeral director that they want to use our service and people are putting it in their final wishes documentation.  People who see the tributes displayed at the funeral come away talking about how wonderful they were and what a beautiful funeral it was.

We are always happy to answer any questions that you might have and so too is ‘Live Chat Sam’, a real person who can give help and advice onscreen on our website.  

If you haven’t yet taken a look, please do! 

Merry Christmas, Mum.

Posted by Kitty

I braved the crowds this morning to go shopping in Windsor. I bought my mum a Christmas present. All perfectly normal you might be thinking. Except that she died several years ago.

As I walked past the Dogs Trust charity stall with its banners inviting people to sponsor a dog, I was suddenly aware of tears pricking behind my eyes. And then I remembered. When we were sorting out our mum’s papers all those years ago, we discovered that she had been making a monthly donation to a charity for dogs. She had never told anyone. We cancelled it, along with all her other standing orders and direct debits.

I went back to the stall and filled out a form. The Dogs Trust volunteer gave me a car sticker – ‘A dog is for life, not just for Christmas.’

I’m sponsoring Patch. Merry Christmas, Mum.

In Memory

Andras Schram, the maker, says: 7 years ago I lost my grand father, I was unable to make it to his funeral as I was travelling. The first moment I had a chance I visited his grave. It was late fall in Hungary and as I looked around I saw how beautiful the light was in the cemetery..I wondered deeper and deeper and started taking photos. I made this slideshow than but never shared it to just a select few. I have than lost the photos for a long time and found them recently, since than my grand mother has joined with my grand father and I am dedicating this slideshow to them.

I found the head stones, the cemetery to be a book about stories never told, just a few names a few sculptures, yet after taking over a thousand photos the stories started to come alive and I in an interesting way found peace in this place.

The music is from Nawang Kechog, from the album “Music as Medicine” Nawang is an incredible artist and I could not find any other music that would compliment these photos in such an incredible way!